Introduction The word 'Catholicos' means "the general head" or "general bishop". It can be considered as equivalent to "universal Bishop". This title and rank is much more ancient than the title Patriarch in the church.
In the ministry of the early church there were only three ranks namely; Episcopos (Bishop), Priest and Deacon. By the end of the third century or by the beginning of the fourth century certain bishops of certain important cities or provincial capitals in the Roman empire gained pre-eminence than other bishops and they came to be known as Metropolitans. The Ecumenical councils of the fourth century recognized the authority of these Metropolitans.
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